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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. SOHWEIZE-R. PIVOT LATHE.

No. 446,211. Patented Feb. 10,1891.

ms NORRIS PETERs 1:01, PnuTo uYwJ., msmucvon, u, c.

(No. Model.) 2 Sheets-Shet 2. J. SOHWBIZER. PIVOT LATHE No. 446,211.Patented Feb.'10, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.-

JAKOBSQIHYEIZER, OF ZURICH, ASSIGNOR TO MULLER & SCHNVEIZER, OFTOLO'lHlVIN, SXVITZERLAND.

PlVOT-LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,211, dated February10, 1891.

Application filed October 6, 1890. Serial No. 367,195. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAKoB SoHWEIzER, engineer, of Zurich, Switzerland,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pivot-Lathes, ofwhich thefollowingisa speci fication.

This pivot-lathe is not only devised to form and polish the so-calletpivots of moving parts employed in clock-works, musical boxes,

and analogous mechanisms, but also to form the other cylindrical partsand the shoulders of the arbors of these moving parts, as well as theirbevels and rounded parts. This machine produces with great rapidity andperfect accuracy pivots and shoulders having an irreproachable polish.It therefore permits of the interchangeability of the moving partsemployed in each class of mechanism, the part made by its means being inno respect 2o inferior to those made by the best workmen;

Besides this, the manner of operating the machine prevents the breakageof very small pivots, so frequent in hand-work.

In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of the machine with someparts removed for greater clearness. Fig. 2 is a side elevationpartially in section, and Fig. 3 is an end elevation seen from the rightof Fig. 1 with some parts removed for greater clearness. Fig. at shows,separately, the automatic disengaging mechanism hereinafter described;and Fig. 5

' is a detached view of the bracket M.

On a base A are arranged two main carriages B and 0, whose slides areperpendicular the one to the other. The carriage B carries the work, andthe carriage O carries the devices for polishing the work. The pulleysD, E, and F are connected with corresponding driving-pulleys on a shaftwith a fast pulley 4o driven by the power and a loose pulley onto whichthe strap or belt is shifted automatically when the work is finished bythe disengaging mechanism hereinafter described.

The base A carries two hearings or and b,

in which turns the shaft f, carrying the pulley F and the worm F. Thebearings a b have projections a 1), serving as stops for the set-screwsd 61*, carried by the cross-bar G, which latter is fixed by means ofscrews 5 g to the carriage N. The base A also carries a fixed support 0within the opening containing the carriage B, and against which supportthe set-screws d d of the crossbar G abut.

The stops at b and support 0 are formed with holes allowing free passageto the screws d 5 5' 01 (Z d when the tongue-pieces e e a e are shifted;but these ton gue-pieces prevent their entrance when occupying theposition shown in Fig. 3. According to the position into which thescrews d/ d d d will have been placed, it will be one or other of themwhich will first encounter the corresponding tonguepiece 6' e e e whenthe carriage B moves from right to left. W'hen this takes place, thecarriage is stopped; but if the tongue- 65 piece be shifted or displacedso as to uncover the hole it protects, the corresponding screw is ableto enter this hole, and the carriage will continue its travel until thenext most prominent screw meets its tongue-piece, which must then beshifted or displaced in its turn, and so on in succession, the fourscrews a a a a corresponding, for instance, to four shoulders which itis required to produce on the work. The carriage B is moved from rightto left by the spiral. springs A A one end of each being connected tothe base A and the-other ends to the carriage B.

G is a spindle, a portion of which is screwthreaded and passes throughthe cross-bar G. The remaining portion is square, and its end isprovided with a pin traversing and slightly passing beyond the surfaceof the fixed piece a. The screw-spindle Gr may be turned by means of thecrank-handle G and the carriage B can thereby be manipulated. By turningthe spindle G to the right the carriage B is moved from left to rightand the springs A A become stretched. When, therefore, the spindle G isturned to the left, these springs are permitted to contract, and thusbring back the carriage B from right to left until one of the screws (1d d d encounters its stop. This spindle G is ordinarilydriven by theworm-wheel F gearing with the worm 5 F, the axis of which latter carriesthe pulley F. The wheel F is mounted loose on said spindle G andtransmits motion thereto by means of a coupling-box g which may bethrown into or'out of gear by means of the too lever 71., actuated by abolt 71", carried by the fixed bearing b. It is thus possible to givemotion to or stop the carriage B by shifting the bolt h". WVhen thecoupling-box g is thrown out of gear, the backward movement of thecarriage can be effected by hand by turning the crank-handle G to theright, or the springs A A may be permitted to draw the carriage to theleft by turning the crank-handle G to the left. In any case the carriagewill be stopped whenever one of the screws (1, 01 (P, or d meets itsabutment; that is to say, one of the tongue-pieces e, 6 6 or e means ofthe crank-handle G or by means of the pulley F,) the pin g, which, asalready stated, passes beyond the surface of the fixed piece 0, will bewithdrawn to the right, together with the spindle G.

A small bell-crank lever n is pivoted to the fixed piece 0, (see Fig.4,) having its vertical arm bearing against the projecting part of thepin 9 and its horizontal arm connected to a chain communicating with thefork-lever of the intermediate gearing. This latter is provided with adisengaging-fork, which a spring tends to bring into apositionforkeeping the strap on the loose pulley. The chain abovementioned acts, on the contrary, to bring the fork into a position forplacing the strap or the fast pulley of the gearing whenever this chainis hooked onto the horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever n. Thus whenthe chain it is hooked onto the horizontal arm of n the driving-pulleysare started; but

by the encounter of one of the screws (1', d

(Z or (Z with its corresponding stop 6., c 6 or e The carriage B carriesthe bearings II. II, in which the hollow spindle I, having conical ends,freely revolves. This lattercontains a tubeP, fitting onto 1' withslight friction and containing a spindle I, also fitting with slightfriction. The interior spindle I is provided with a screw-thread t, ontowhich is fitted a spring-chuck J, known as an American,chuck, whoseconical head may be. more or less compressed by the interior cone withwhich the extremity of the tube 1 is furnished. The chuck J thus openswhen the spindle is moved from right to left, Fig. 2, and closes whenthe spindle is drawn backwardly from left to right, Fig. 2. A nut ienables theposition of the interior spindle I to be adjusted in relationto I. These two latter are traversed by an elongated slot '6, Figs. 1and 2, through which passes a key J, carried by the tube 1 This keyprevents any rotation of lVhen this meeting takes place and the spindleG continues turning, (either by the bevels of the pivots, &c.

the spindles I51, and I relatively to each other, but permits of thetubular spindle I being shifted axially in relation to the spin- (lies II. Anut I screws upon the threaded portion of I and forces the key J tothe left when the nut 1* is turned in one direction. Hence thetubular-spindle I presses its conical portion againstthe exteriorconical porion of J, thereby contracting the chuck. WVhen the nut I isunscrewed, the conical portion of the chuck J forces the tube 1 backwardas far as the key J and nut I will permit. By screwing up or unscrewingthe nut I the chuck J is accordingly closed or opened.

The spindle I carries a pulley K, driven by the intermediate pulleysbefore mentioned, so that the work carried by the chuck J turnscontinuously as soon as the machine is set in motion.

The carriage G carries the cutters L .and N and the burnisher M, whichare arranged to act alternately upon the work, or, if required inspecial cases, there may be other tools on the carriage O. The cutter Lis carried by an axis L driven by a pulley D and turning in bearings L Lfixed upon acarriage L whose slide-block is upon the bed 0. The cutter Nis carried by an axis N driven by a pulleyE and turning in bearings N Nupon a small carriage 0, whose slide-block is connected to the bed C bya pivotm. (Shown by dotted linesin Fig. l.) A spiral spring w,fixed atone end of a nose c on the slide-block and at the other end to thecarriage O, maintains the nose or projection 0 of the small carriage Cpressed against a set-screw 10, which traverses a support fixed on thecarriage C. By screwing up or unscrewing w the inclination of the axisof the cutter N may be altered relatively to the axis of the chuck J;or, in other words, relatively to the work. This arrangement is forthepurpose of cutting the points, The burnisher M is carried by an axis Mturning in a bearing M, fixed on the carriage O. The axis M ismanipulated by means of a simple knob, the burnisher being unable toturn continuously, but only able to shift relatively to the work, as isdone in straight-hand burnishers. In the drawings, Fig. 1, thislatter issupposed to be actuated by the cutter L, which is in position forworking. The carriage L of the cutter L is actuated by the set-screws ZZ The carriage (J is actuated by the spiral spring Q, fixed at one endto this carriage .and at the other end to the base A. A support R, fixedon this latter, carries two setscrews 0 c against which the carriage (Jis pressed by the spring The end in question of the carriage isfurnished with tonguepieces 7 19 like the tongue-pieces beforementioned. These tongue-pieces permit the screws c c to act successivelyin a similar manner to that already described with reference to thescrews d,'d d and d When the longest of these two screws 0' o encountersits corresponding tongue-piece, the latter is shifted, thereby allowingit to enter the hole which was covered by the tongue-piece, and thuspermits the carriage to continue its travel until the other screwencounters in its turn the tongue-piece which serves as a stop thereto.One arm of a two-armed lever O, which has its fulcrum on the base A,bears against a projection O on the carriage C, so that when this leveris turned into the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the cutterN is brought into position for workingsay, for instance, to cut thepoint of the arbor being worked. The bevel to be produced is determinedat will by means of the screw 10'. The position of the carriage c on itsslide is determined by the set-screws r W. hen it is required todisconnect the cutter N, the stud 0 can be caught by the hooked lever 0of the carriage C. Atwo-armed lever P, having its fulcrum on thebase-plate A, serves to shift the carriage O in a like manner to thatexplained with reference to the lever 0. hen the lever P is turned intothe position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, (the lever 0 beingsupposed to be in the position shown by full lines.) the carriage O isso shifted that the burnisher M is brought into position for acting uponthe'work. The lever P bears against one extremity of the detent P,pivoted to the carriage O, the other extremity being actuated by aset-screw P which admits of the detent P being shifted, and thereforepermits of accurately adj usting'the position given to the carriage O bythe lever P.

An arm S, pivoted at S to the base A, is provided with two set-screws 5s which bear against the tongue-pieces t t of a stop T, fixed to C. Thefree end of this arm S bears against a plate 8 pivoted to the carriageB. A screw 3*, traversing a slot in the plate 8*, allows of this latterbeing placed more or less at an angle. Vhen the plate S is set straight,as shown in the drawings, its action on the lever S is m'l; but when itis set at an angle it progressively pushes the point of the lever S inproportion as the carriage B advances to the left, and the lever S inits turn displaces the carriage O by means of the set-screws s s andsupport T. Hence the cutter is moved parallel to its axis in proportionas the work advances parallel to its axis-that is to say, the'cutterproduces a cone or bevel whose inclination is determined by the positioninto which the plate S has been set. The cranked lever U, which ispivoted at the base A, may also be put into motion for the cutting ofthe bevels. For this purpose it is only necessary to set the stop X bymeans of the handle Y into the position shown by Figs. 1 and 2. Thisstop then strikes one of the arms of the lever U and pushes it inproportion as the carriage B advances, thereby producing a progressivebackward movement of the carriage C, the other arm of the lever Ubearing against the screw V, which passes through a support 17, fixed tothe carriage C. To throw the stop X out of action it is only necessaryto turn the handle Y ninety degrees, as indicated by the arrow in Fig.2.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The improved pivot-lathefor forming and polishing cylindrical parts, short rods,

shoulders, bevels, &c., on arbors or moving parts used in watches,clocks, musical boxes, and other like mechanism having its partsconstructed, arranged, combined, and operating substantially ashereinbefore described and shown.

2. In a pivot-lathe for the class of work set forth, the combination ofthe carriage B,carrying the work, and the carriage C, carrying theseveral tools for acting successively on the said work, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a pivot-lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, shortrods, shoulders, bevels, &c., the combination of the screwspindle G withthe worm-Wheel F and the worm F, driven by gearing, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a pivot-lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, shortrods, shoulders, bevels, &c.,'the combination of the couplingbox withthe lever h and the bolt 71, subst-antially as described and shown.

5. In a pivot-lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, shortrods, shoulders, bevels, &c., the combination, with the pin g, of thespindle G, with the automatic disengaging arrangement n, substantiallyas and for the purpose described.

6. In a pivot-lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, shortrods, shoulders, bevels, &c., the hollow spindle I, with tube 1 interiorspindle I, clutch J, key J, and nut I substantially as described andshown, and for the purpose specified.

7. In a pivot-lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, shortrods, shoulders, bevels, &c., the combination of the carriage C with thecutting-tool L, substantially as described.

S. In a pivot-lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, shortrods, shoulders, bevels, &c., the combination of the carriage O with thecutting-tool N, substantially as described.

9.- In a pivot-lathe for forming and polishing cylindrical parts, shortrods, shoulders,

bevels, &c., the combination of the carriage O with the burnisher M,substantially as described.

10. The combination, in alathe for turning and polishing pivots, of arotating chuck for holding the article, mechanism,substantially asspecified, for moving the same axially and progressively, turning andpolishing tools and their supporting-heads, and mechanism for moving thesame progressively toward the axis of rotation of the article operatedupon substantially as specified.

11. The combination, in alathe for turning and polishing pivots and.similar articles, of

'ing cylindrical vparts, short rods, shoulders,

bevels, &c., the combination of the stop X with the bent lever U,pivoted to the carriage B, and With the screw V, carried by the car-:riage 0,-substantially as described, and for the purpose indicated. 1

In testimony" whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

JAKOB SCHWEIZER. [L. s]

, \Vitnesses:

H. LABHART, A. C. THOMANN.

